The sound recording copyright symbol, represented by the graphic symbol ℗ (a circled capital letter P), is the copyright symbol used to provide notice of copyright in a sound recording (phonogram) embodied in a phonorecord (LPs, audiotapes, cassettes, compact discs, etc.).[1] The use of the symbol originated in United States copyright law[2] and is specified internationally in the Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms.[3]
The P stands for phonogram,[4][5] the legal term used in most English-speaking countries to refer to works known in U.S. copyright law as "sound recordings".[6]
A sound recording has a separate copyright that is distinct from that of the underlying work (usually a musical work, expressible in musical notation and written lyrics), if any. The sound recording copyright notice is a copyright for just the sound itself, and will not apply to any other rendition or version, even if performed by the same artist(s).
In the U.S., the sound recording copyright notice, which may only be affixed to a phonorecord, consists of three elements:
the ℗ symbol;
the year of first publication of the sound recording; and
an identification of the owner of the copyright, either by name, abbreviation or other designation by which it is generally known. The identification can be omitted if the owner is the sound recording's producer, and the producer is identified on associated packaging.[2]
The symbol in Unicode is U+2117 ℗ sound recording copyright (HTML: ℗), with the alternative names "published" and "phonorecord sign".[7] It closely resembles U+24C5 Ⓟ circled latin capital letter p (HTML: Ⓟ) and U+24DF ⓟ circled latin small letter
Alan Peckolick (born 1940 in Bronx, NY) is an American graphic designer, artist, and photographer.
Peckolick is known for the typographic forms he created. His fascination for the graphic letter form underpins much of his work as he draws much of his inspiration from historic signage and lettering. His projects have included logo design and corporate identity for Revlon and New York University (typographic logo). He has designed annual reports for AT&T, General Motors, Bell South and Pfizer. Internationally he has worked for Society General (France), Grupo Industrial Alfa (Mexico), Mercedes-Benz (Germany), Sony (Japan).
Upon graduating from Pratt Institute in 1964, Peckolick went to work as an assistant to designer Herb Lubalin. In 1968 he opened his own design office. In 1972 he joined Lubalin, Smith & Carnase; several years later the company was reorganized and renamed Lubalin Peckolick Associates.
Peckolick's work has earned him over 500 design awards worldwide, including honorary membership in the art director's club of Bergen, Norway. His work has been featured in design journals and books. From 1985, Peckolick has been included in every edition of "Who's Who in America" and since 1990 in every edition of "Who's Who in Graphic Design". In 2008, he was chosen as one of ten designers to be included in China's first survey of international graphic design. His poster work is in the permanent collection of the Gutenberg Museum in Mainz, Germany. Apart from lecturing on graphic design in Hamburg, Stuttgart, Helsinki, Tokyo, London and Bergen, he regularly lectures at Parsons The New School for Design.
In 2002, Peckolick was invited to donate his archive to New York University's Fales Collection, housed in the Bobst Library. He was the subject of a career retrospective show at the university's Tracey/Barry Gallery in Autumn 2005, titled "A Life in Type: The Graphic Design Work of Alan Peckolick".[1]
Peckolick has been painting professionally since 1998. He is represented in London (Cosa Gallery), New York (Atlantic Gallery), and in Key West, FL (Lucky Street Gallery). His paintings are in numerous private collections in the US and Europe.
Past board affiliations include the Glaucoma Foundation and Save the Whales (Boston, MA). Peckolick is on the advisory board of Medasset, Mediterranean Association to Save the Sea Turtles. He is a member of Alliance Graphique Internationale,[2] the Type Directors Club of New York, and the Vintage Car Club of America. He is an honorary member of the Art Directors Club of Bergen, Norway.
Peckolick is married to Jessica Weber.
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
Graphic Letters
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